Rabindranath Tagore: A Complete Biography
*Early Life and Education*
Rabindranath Tagore was born on May 7, 1861, in Calcutta. He was the 14th child of Debendranath Tagore and Sharada Devi. His father was a prominent social reformer and leader of the Brahmo Samaj.
Rabindranath received his early education at home, studying Bengali, Sanskrit, and English. Later, he attended Presidency College, but did not complete his degree.
*Literary Life*
Rabindranath wrote his first poem at the age of 8. His first book, “Bhanusimha Thakurer Padabali,” was published in 1881. He wrote in both Bengali and English.
Some of his notable works include:
– *Gitanjali*: A collection of poems published in 1913, which earned him the Nobel Prize.
– *Gora*: A novel published in 1910, which explores the problems of Indian society.
– *The Home and the World*: A novel originally written in Bengali as “Ghore Baire” and published in 1916, which explores the events of the Indian independence movement.
*Awards and Honors
Rabindranath Tagore was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1913. He was the first Asian to receive this honor. He was also knighted by the British government, but returned the title after the Jallianwala Bagh massacre.
*Social Contributions*
Rabindranath Tagore made significant contributions to Indian society. He worked for women’s education and rights, and spoke out against caste and untouchability.
*National Anthem*
Rabindranath Tagore’s poem “Jana Gana Mana” is India’s national anthem. This song became very popular during the Indian independence movement and remains a source of national pride today.
*Death Anniversary*
Rabindranath Tagore’s death anniversary is August 7, 1941. Even after his death, his works and ideas continue to have a profound impact on Indian society.
*Education and Visva-Bharati*
Rabindranath Tagore founded Visva-Bharati University in Shantiniketan, which was dedicated to promoting Indian culture and education.
*Conclusion*
Rabindranath Tagore was a great poet, writer, and educator. His works had a profound impact on Indian society and culture. He was a true patriot who dedicated his life to the Indian independence movement.
Compiled by: Dr. Ashok Chaudhary Priyadarshi
